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放缓加息与衰退风险夹击,2023美股如何突出重围?

Vantage 更新 Updated Fri, 2023 January 27 04:22

兔年伊始,美股市场便经历了一场罕见的异常交易事件。当地时间1月24日,纽约证券交易所称由于“技术问题”,数百只股票于周二开盘后没有开盘价的情况下开始交易,因此一些已进行的交易将被宣布为“无效”。纽交所发布了251只受错误影响的股票名单,并对公开数据中的当日最高价和最低价进行调整。这一故障引发了剧烈的波动和交易暂停,导致数十家美国最大的公司股价暴跌或暴涨。交易受到影响的主要股票包括摩根士丹利、富国银行、3m、威瑞森、美国电话电报公司(att)、耐克以及麦当劳等。 

经历了此次乌龙后,美股于1月25日又迎来了财报发布。当日,美国股市开盘后全线下跌,道指跌0.79%,标普500指数跌0.85%,纳指跌1.6%。其中微软跌超3%,波音跌逾2%,两家公司财报不及预期。纳斯达克omx交易所跌7.4%,创2020年3月以来最大跌幅,第四季度业绩不及预期。半导体板块走低,超威半导体、英伟达、阿斯麦均跌超2%。热门中概股多数下跌,微博、嘉楠科技、爱奇艺跌约2%。 

尽管财报表现不佳,但昨晚加央行开始放缓加息步伐,给美国股指带来了提振。美股跌幅明收窄,道指转涨。截至收盘,道指上涨0.03%,标普500指数下跌0.02%,纳指下跌0.18%。如果下周美联储也同样加息25个基点,且认为通胀可能继续下降,美股可能会迎来进一步反弹。不过除了各家央行的货币政策转向外,还有一层风险同样值得我们重视。那就是经济衰退的风险。当前,市场越来越相信通胀放缓将使美联储很快退出大举加息的周期。但与此同时,更高的终端利率可能会使经济陷入衰退,并浇灭美股指数的任何反弹希望。 

目前,部分预测人员认为,美国经济将在今年第二和第三季度出现收缩,股市更有可能成为衰退何时开始和停止的领先指标。根据研究公司CFRA编制的二战以来的数据,股市通常会在衰退开始前7个月预示衰退风险,并在衰退结束前5个月触底反弹。因此,2023年对于美股市场而言可能又是充满挑战的一年。随着企业利润率恶化,标普500指数今年上半年可能会下跌约25%至3000点。但在那之后,新的牛市可能将开启,这或许会为投资者创造一个“绝佳的买入机会”。 

2023年01月27日 许曦扬

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